Prediction of compaction parameters using regression and. Proctor showing that for a given compaction effort, the density of soil depends on the type of soil and moisture content. Pdf compaction is one of the most efficient and practical soil improvement techniques that can be applied to earthworks. However, this procedure is judged to be much more complex and less desirable than the astm d 1557 procedure. Compaction of soil process, necessity and theory of compaction.
Types of soil compaction test in laboratory standard proctor test modified proctor test gyratory compaction test 11. The dry unit weight for each roller pass was measured by the nuclear method. Proctor developed a method for determining the maximum density of soils. Laboratory compaction curves were developed for nine soils with clay contents ranging from 232 to 385 g kg 1 using the standard proctor test procedure and the proposed procedure, which uses a 54. Whereas in case of heavy traffic, airfields, highways etc. A laboratory compacting procedure to determine the optimum water content at which a soil can be compacted so as to yield the maximum density dry unit weight. So for this test a curve is drawn between dry density and water content. They may also be performed to learn more about a soil in a particular area, whether or not the area is slated for development. The soil to be used in the test is first air dried and passed through a 20m test sieve. We service all sectors and industries, including state and local government, property. Compaction tests results vary with the input compactive effort, usually measured in foot pounds per cubic foot of soil. Take a representative portion of airdried soil large enough to provide about 5 kg of material passing.
The test selected should give results computable with actual field results with modern compaction proce dures. Standard proctor test procedure apparatus calculation. Slump test doesnt give accurate results for the low workability of concrete when the slump is procedure a representative bulk field sample is obtained for each type of soil material proposed for use in the earthwork operation. It is sometimes referred to as the standard proctor or the modified proctor test. Water content astm d3017 can also be read, all within a few minutes. The proctor compaction test is a laboratory method of experimentally determining the optimal moisture content at which a given soil type will become most dense. Compaction test light weightstandard proctor compaction is 2720part vii1980 reaffirmed2011 theory. Modified proctor test is used to determine the compaction of different types of soil and the properties of soil with a change in moisture content and the relationship between dry density and moisture content. The compaction factor test is used for concrete which have low workability for which slump test is not suitable. Record the operators name, the chc number of the nuclear gage, date of test, and time of test. In other words, the density is a comparison of the weight of one cubic foot of material in the field. A relative proctor density with the compaction results from the test.
Pdf use of proctor compaction testing for deep fill. He established a laboratory procedure to define the moisturedensity relationship of compacted, cohesive soils. This test is adapted by bis and is known as heavy compaction test. Compaction factor test used to measure the degree of compaction for a given concrete mix.
Diagnosing soil compaction using a penetrometer soil. Laboratory soil compaction test linkedin slideshare. At first, the largescale compaction test data for mixed soils are. A curve is drawn between the water content and the dry density to obtain the maximum dry density and the optimum water content. Scope the mix design procedure of bsms require different size of specimens to carry out the tests specified at the different phases of the mix design procedure, as indicated below. Modified proctor test compaction parameters are used as a measure to compare soil density in the fields. Sketch the location of each test area record the mile post or station and distance left or right of centerline.
Proctor soil compaction test procedures, tools and results. The standard proctor compaction test is used to determine the optimum water content during compaction which gives the greatest soil density. Soil compaction is a serious concern for farmers in pennsylvania. The compacting factor test is performed to find out the workability of concrete. Proctor who in 1933 showed that the dry density of a soil for a given compactive effort depends on the amount of water the soil contains during soil compaction. Pdf a new procedure for determining dry density of mixed soil. Mould has detachable collar and base plate assembly. To evaluate the degree of compaction, it is common to check soil zones using the insitu density or insitu unit weight test procedure. Do not average relative compaction values from two or more test areas. It is scientifically undesirable to combine the use of two separate sets of inchpound units within a single standard. Compaction test of soil is carried out using proctor s test to understand compaction characteristics of different soils with change in moisture content.
In this video we will see how to do the proctor compaction test as indian standard for heavy compaction. The top countries of suppliers are india, china, from which the percentage of proctor compaction test supply is 1%, 99% respectively. The proctor compaction test is a test that compacts the soil material at various moisture contents. Soil and aggregate compaction maryland state highway. The preferred optional testing method is to combine the tfv test with the. The relationship between soil moisture content and compacted dry density is very useful for deciding construction specifications and quality control of compacted earth fill. For each penetrometer the soil compaction of the dry and wet soils of site 1 were greater than the soil compaction of the dry and wet soils of site 2 and site 3.
This test method describes the procedure for selecting a test area for the determination of inplace wet density and moisture content of untreated and treated soils and aggregates by the use of a nuclear gage and the determination of relative. Compaction of a particular soil is affected by following given factors. Pdf investigation of parameters of compaction testing. Compaction factor apparatus consists of trowels, hand scoop 15. According to proctor, the compaction of a soil mass is dependent on the following four major factors. Compaction factor test of concrete for low workability. Dynamic compaction dc quality control it is normal procedure to test treated ground during the progress of the compaction works for control purposes to assess the effectiveness of the treatment. Please indicate if feed distribution is 100% passing or retained, 90% passing or retained, etc. It is important to note that there are other measurements or criteria in addition to rc that can be used in an endproduct specification. What is the difference between standard proctor test and. Definition of compaction compaction is the process by which soil particles are packed more closely together by dynamic loading such as rolling, tamping or vibration it is achieved through the reduction of air voids with little or no change in water content of soil.
This method addresses roundingoff of numbers from test results and calculations. His original test is most commonly referred to as the standard proctor compaction test. Nonnuclear methods for compaction control of unbound. This test method describes the procedure for determining, potentially quickly, whether the level of soil densification obtained by the compaction operations meets the requirements of the new york state department of transportation standard specifications. Compaction test of soil is also additionally called as proctors test. As we know that the degree of compaction is measured in terms of dry density. The mdd in the proctor compaction test lower value indicating weaker soil. Tex241f, superpave gyratory compacting of test specimens of.
Compaction test proctor test civil engineering notes. Record relative compaction values for each test area. The nebraska department of roads specifies the standard proctor test astm d 698aashto t. The standard proctor test astm d698, aashto t99, and the modified. Douglas partners can provide compaction testing services during construction in order to verify that the soil has been compacted in accordance with the specification. It is normally undertaken to understand compaction properties of varied soils with alteration in moisture proportion. Soil compaction test equipment proctor soil density. Finally, the field compaction procedure is suggested based on the analysis of the test data. This compaction is a comparison of the laboratory compaction proctor to the field density and recorded as a percentage. In the proctor test, the soil is compacted in a mold that has a volume of 944 cm3. All ram and base plate faces the sides presented to the specimen must be ground. Jul 26, 2018 in this video we will see how to do the proctor compaction test as indian standard for heavy compaction. Proctor compaction test apparatus at rs 3000 piece.
Astm d1557 12e1 standard test methods for laboratory. Compaction test of soil is carried out using proctors test to understand compaction characteristics of different soils with change in moisture content. A compaction test is a soil quality test used to assess the level of compaction which can occur in the soil on a site. Typically, each compacted layer is checked at random locations. In geotechnical engineering, soil compactionis the process in which a stress applied to a soilcauses densification as air is displaced from the pores between the soil grains. Because the stress paths, compaction states and soil structures are greatly different, the mechanical properties of each path at point a will be. Laboratory compaction characteristics of soil using modified effort. Nonnuclear methods for compaction control of unbound materials overview or nchrp synthesis 456 munir nazzal indiana stiffnessstrengthbased compaction control specs nayyar siddiki compaction control today and anticipating the future john siekmeier. Soil compaction test astm aashto hammer weight lb hammer drop in compaction effort kipftft3 standard scdot d698 t99 5. Relationship between number of passes of compactor and. Authors stephen sebesta, pat harris, and wenting liu 8. The test is used to define the optimum level of soil or aggregate that can be compacted into a unit volume with. Compaction behavior of finegrained soils, lateritic soils. This result is used to create a specification for compaction on the.
Apr, 2016 proctor compaction test for laboratory this test is used to determine the relationship between water content and dry unit weight of soils. The technician can now place the metal tray as per the consultant or quality engineers preferred location. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Compaction of soil is the optimal moisture content at which a given soil type becomes most dense and achieve its maximum dry density by removal of air voids.
Proctor compaction test apparatus is a fundamental requirement for the construction of earth fill for dams, reservoirs, canal embankments, highways, railways and runways. This point must be on the dry side of optimum water content. This provides the designer with assurance that the specified level of compaction will achieve the degree of improvement required. The mean moisture percentages of the wetted soils of sites 1,2 and 3 were 14,8%, 15,4% and 16,1 % respectively these values did not differ significantly. It is similar to the british standard heavy compaction test. A method for controlling compaction of granular materials. Standard proctor test covers the determination of the relationship between the moisture content and density of soils compacted in a mould of a given size with a 2.
Standard test methods for laboratory compaction characteristics of soil using standard effort. Use of proctor compaction testing for deep fill construction using impact rollers conference paper pdf available october 2012 with 7,750 reads how we measure reads. The proctor compaction test is a laboratory method of experimentally determining the optimal moisture content at which a given soil type will become most dense and achieve its maximum dry density. Supplement 1015 compaction testing of unbound materials december 31, 2012 1015. Soil compaction testing otherwise known as density tests are performed in order to determine the soil compaction level. Amount of compaction testing odot compaction testing 203, 205 one test per 2,000 cy 204, 206 one test per 3,000 sy 304, 411 three tests per 5,000 sy one per lift 503 one test every 5th lift 603 one test every 5th lift or one test every 50 lf 840 sgb one test per 300 lf for every lift. The relative density method of compaction is typically used as an evaluation standard for select sand, gravel, and other freedraining materials. The dry density is maximum at the optimum moisture content. You can also choose from electronic, hydraulic proctor compaction test there are 101 suppliers who sells proctor compaction test on, mainly located in asia. Astm d698 12e2 standard test methods for laboratory. Evaluation of laboratory compaction procedures for specification of. Compaction of soil process, necessity and theory of. Soil compaction can easily reduce crop yields by 10 percent, and can lead to water and soil quality degradation due to increased runoff and soil structure destruction. The test is named in honor of ralph roscoe proctor, who in 1933 showed that the dry density of a soil for a given compactive effort depends on the amount of water the soil.
Lab suppliesagricultural testingsoil compaction testers. Phase level 1 level 2 level 3 road category c and d b and c a and b cumulative traffic. It is scientifically undesirable to combine the use. Indian institute of technology gandhinagar department of. Generally, 9095% compaction of laboratory is being specified so that the quality of work can be checked and asserted. Standard proctor test or proctor compaction test was the original test devised by an american engineer ralph r. Please sign in to your account to see your pricing, which may be different from the price displayed. The standard procedure determines the optimum moisture content of a material that will allow a given applied compaction force to obtain the maximum dry density of the material. This focused attention on the importance of subgrade compaction, leading to the modified proctor compaction test in 1946. The method involves placing in a specified manner a soil sample at a known water content in a mold of given dimensions, subjecting it to a compactive. Point o is the estimated optimum water content and maximum density of the fill material based on a projection of point a approximately parallel to the adjacent compaction curves. Modified proctor aashto t180astm d1557 testing procedures more closely approximate the compaction effort of modern equipment. Test procedure is similar to that of standard proctor test.
Weights required for the bulk sample will range from about 50lb to 100lb 23kg to 45kg of. Standard test methods for laboratory compaction characteristics of soil. This value varies, depending on the type of test selected. This manual describes the procedures for laboratory testing of road construction and building.
The relative density test methods are applicable to cohesionless soils with a percent fines ranging from 5% to 15% and a maximum particle size passing the 3in. To assess the workability of concrete using compaction factor test apparatus compaction factor apparatus trowels hand scoop 15. Supplement 1015 compaction testing of unbound materials october 18, 20 1015. Based on the results of these tests as well as additional tests to measure the. Evaluation of laboratory compaction procedures for. Test used a manually operated ram to compact three layers of the soil placed in a confined cylinder. Compaction factor test for concrete workability method. The line of optimum moisture contents is usually around 85% saturation and the optimum moisture content decreases with increasing compactive effort. Pdf this paper presents a novel computational procedure for the maximum dry density of mixed soils containing oversize particles.
Whether testing in the field or lab, gilson has the soil compaction test equipment you need to perform proctor compaction tests, determining soil moisturedensity relationship and for testing relative compaction and relative density of granular soils. Product availability is realtime basis and adjusted continuously. Tex241f, superpave gyratory compacting of test specimens of bituminous mixtures section 2 apparatus texas department of transportation 4 txdot 112005 the platen side of each mold bottom must be flat and parallel to its face. Its process is almost same as standard proctor test with little differences which you will know here in details so, lets move on. Compaction tests are commonly performed as part of a geotechnical profile of a building site. There are two proctor tests that defined by the american association of highway officials and american standard testing material. A soils optimum moisture content is usually lower when compacted to modified proctor versus standard proc.
Key words compaction, soils, embankment, density 18. Dec 29, 2015 the proctor compaction test is a laboratory method of experimentally determining the optimal moisture content at which a given soil type will become most dense and achieve its maximum dry density. Compaction of soil is an important process, as it helps it of achieve certain physical properties necessary for its proper behaviour under loading. Laboratory compaction of soils using a small mold procedure. Proctor compaction test history in the early 1930s, university of california, berkeley student ralph r. Point a is the result of a onepoint compaction test on material from field density test.
Procedure take a representative sample of air dried soil of about 5 kg soil not susceptible to crushing during compaction or 3 kg from 15 kg sample soil susceptible to crushing during compaction passing through 19mm is sieve and mix thoroughly with a. Proctor compaction test civil official all about civil. Oct 04, 2014 here is the procedure on how to do the compaction test or insitu density test 1. We know that the conditions of site and that of the laboratory are different altogether. Soil compaction testers agricultural testing grainger. Determination of water content dry density relation using heavy compaction. Alternative compaction recommendations are also presented based on txdots tx 1e compaction procedure. Because by drawing this curve we can obtain the maximum dry density and also the omc. For assessment of the compaction properties of a soil sample by proctors test theory compaction refers to the procedure of densification of soil by plummeting air voids. Modified proctor aashto t180astm d1557 testing procedures more. The field compaction data from a road construction project in pathumthani province, thailand were taken to study the development in unit weight with number of roller passes. In modified proctor test, the mould used is the same as for the standard proctor test having volume c.
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